Start with the tyres, but do not stop there
Check the approved size, sidewall condition and tread depth. In Czechia, winter tyres on passenger cars must have at least 4 mm of tread in the conditions defined by law. Measure pressure when the tyres are cold and use the vehicle manufacturer's figures; pressure falls as temperatures drop, so check it again after a significant change in weather.
Have the battery and charging system tested
Low temperatures increase the load during starting, so a weak battery often shows itself after the first frosty night. Slow cranking, dimming lights or repeated discharge call for a battery test, a cranking-voltage check and an alternator charging test. Simply recharging the battery may not remove the underlying cause.
Check the coolant and washer fluid
Check the coolant level with the engine cold and use only a specification approved by the manufacturer. Before winter, test the freezing point, especially if the age or mixture is unknown. Replace summer washer fluid with a winter-grade product and run it through the whole system, including the rear washer.
Visibility: lights, wipers and heating
Darkness, rain, road salt and snow quickly expose weak bulbs and worn wiper blades. Check every light, the windscreen, wipers and washers. Test the demisting and heating as well; a clogged cabin filter can restrict airflow and make the windows take longer to clear.
Check the brakes and suspension before winter
Predictable braking and stable handling matter on wet or icy roads. Have squealing, vibration, pulling under braking, suspension knocks or uneven tyre wear checked before winter. A workshop can measure brake wear, identify play in the suspension and recommend wheel alignment when the findings justify it.
What to carry and when to book an inspection
Keep an ice scraper, snow brush and gloves in the car; depending on the route, add a blanket, small shovel or snow chains and practise fitting the chains before the journey. If you are unsure about the battery, fluids, brakes or suspension, book a pre-winter inspection. At MotPro in Prague 9, we agree the scope in advance and explain what needs attention now and what can be planned.
Every vehicle and fault is different. This article provides general guidance; an inspection of the specific vehicle determines the correct procedure.